Psychometric
assessment products exist in great variety and quantity. Many businesses
use assessments to support their recruitment, retention, development,
and succession planning strategies.
Companies that have implemented assessments into their selection process
enjoy benefits such as:
o Reduced time to hire
o Delivers highly defensible hiring practices
o Avoidance of mis-hires
o Faster orientation & training
o Significant reduction of turnover
However, few HR practitioners are aware of the U.S. Department of
Labor's position regarding the use of tests and assessments in areas
of employment.
It may surprise some to learn the USDOL supports the use of a sound
testing and assessment strategy. In the white paper, Testing and
Assessment: An Employer's Guide to Good Practices, the USDOL recognizes
that, "employers face the challenge of attracting, developing
and retaining the best employees."
The study goes on to say that a solid assessment strategy can "maximize
chances for getting the right fit between jobs and employees."
The DOL white paper provides 13 basic principles that employers should
follow when designing an assessment initiative. The principles are
summarized here. (For a complete copy of the 82-page document, go
to www.onetcenter.org/dl_files/empTestAsse.pdf).
1. Use assessment tools in a purposeful manner. They are most
beneficial when used properly and for the purpose for which they are
designed. Misuse or improper use could be harmful or possibly, illegal.
2. Use the whole-person approach to testing. No test is perfect.
Complex behaviors are at work. Use a test, or combination of tests,
that give as much information as possible about the behaviors that
are most important to your organization.
3. Use tests that are unbiased and fair to all groups. Tests
that deliberately or inadvertently discriminate prevent the employer
from achieving a qualified and diverse work group.
4. Use tests that are reliable. Will the same person get the
same results each time they take the test? Reliability ("r")
is expressed as a statistical coefficient between 0.0 and 1.0. r =
0.90 or above is "excellent": 0.80 - 0.89 is "good":
0.70 - 0.79 is "adequate".
5. Tests must be valid for the purpose they are being used.
Validity is the most important criteria for selection of a proper
test instrument. Validity is expressed as a statistical coefficient.
A v-score of .35 or higher means the test is "very beneficial"
in determining the presence of desired characteristics. 0.21 - 0.34
means the test "is likely to be useful" to the employer.
A v-score of 0.11- 0.20 means the usefulness of the information derived
will "depend on the circumstances" under which the test
is being used. A test is "unlikely to be useful" under any
circumstances when v= 0.11 or less.
6. Tests must be appropriate for the target population. Tests
designed to assess nurse practitioners is likely to be inappropriate
when applied to the construction trades.
7. The instructions and other documentation must be comprehensive
and easy to understand. The results needed are directly related
to the ability of the person being tested to understand the instructions
for taking the test and the test questions themselves.
8. If the test requires proctoring and/or administration, those
performing this function must be properly trained. Some instruments
require an extensive certification process to administer, proctor
or score tests.
9. It may be necessary to provide consistent and uniform testing
conditions to obtain consistent results. Classrooms, conference
rooms or other facilities may be necessary to isolate test takers
from other distractions to assure the integrity of test results.
10. Provide reasonable accommodations for people with disabilities.
As stated earlier, no group should be disadvantaged by the test or
the conditions under which the tests are taken.
11. Test security must be maintained if the results are to be useful.
Tests should never be accessible to the general population.
12. Test results must be maintained in a confidential manner.
Tests taken over the Internet or other computer based methods that
require usernames and passwords are often most effective at preserving
the confidentiality of the results.
13. Accurate interpretation of results is necessary. It does
little good to interpret good data poorly. Ensure that all test reports
are, like the documentation, easy to understand. A well conceived
job-matching strategy, when combined with other decision-making tools,
can provide employers a higher level of precision than is otherwise
available.
Application of the Department of Labor's Guidelines for selecting
assessments and tests will make the employer a wiser consumer and
provide the highest return on the testing and payroll investment.
For more information
contact Roger Hokanson, roger@predictable-performance.com,
612.728.0550.
Roger Hokanson is a principle of Predictable Performance Systems,
an employment assessment company. This article originally appeared
in th HRP of MN December
2003 newsletter and is being reprinted here with the permission
of the author.
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